This essay describes quantitative research methods and qualitative research methods. There are two types of research methodologies. The quantitative research method is a systematic investigation of phenomena by gathering quantifiable data and performing statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques. It is mostly conducted in the social sciences using statistical quantitative research methods to collect quantitative data from the research study. Quantitative research focuses on numeric and unchanging data and detailed, convergent reasoning rather than divergent reasoning. Conversely, the Qualitative Research method is primarily exploratory research. It offers an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. In conclusion, the two techniques differ in various aspects ranging from data collection techniques to data analysis. Thus deeper understanding requires research on qualitative vs. quantitative research methods.
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QUALITATIVE VS. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS
This section discusses qualitative vs. quantitative research methods. Quantitative and qualitative research uses different techniques to collect and analyze data. Quantitative research focuses on testing theories and hypotheses, while qualitative research focuses on exploring ideas and formulating hypothesis/theory. Secondly, the Quantitative research method analyses through math and statistics, whereas qualitative research analyses by summarizing, categorizing, and interpreting. Thirdly, Quantitative research is usually in numbers and graphs. It focuses on testing or confirming theories and assumptions. Quantitative research methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. Alternatively, the Qualitative research method is usually in words. It focuses on understanding concepts, thoughts, or experiences. Qualitative methods include interviews with open-ended questions, observations described in writing, and literature reviews. Lastly, Quantitative research gathers general facts, while qualitative gather in-depth insights on topics.
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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE METHODS
The advantages of qualitative research methods include the researcher gaining an insider’s view of the field. Secondly, qualitative analysis allows for ambiguities/contradictions in the data, which are a reflection of social reality. Lastly, Qualitative descriptions can play an important role in suggesting possible relationships, causes, effects, and dynamic processes. However, the limitations of qualitative research methods include difficulty in applying conventional standards of reliability and validity and lengthy-time for data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Alternatively, the benefits of quantitative research methods include hypothesis testing, bias elimination, quick data collection, and scientific objectivity. Also, quantitative data cannot be easily replicated and is useful for testing and validating already constructed theories. However, the disadvantages include requirements of large sample size and lack of natural settings.
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