This essay discusses the risk factors of melanoma and treatment of melanoma. Melanoma is a skin cancer that occurs when melanocytes mutate and divide uncontrollably. Research into the exact causes of melanoma is ongoing. However, the risk factors of melanoma are certain conditions that increase the chances of developing the disease. Melanomas can develop anywhere on the skin, but certain areas are more at risk than others. The four types of melanoma include superficial spreading melanoma, often appearing on the trunk or limbs. Secondly, Nodular melanoma appears on the head or neck. Thirdly, Lentigo maligna melanoma tends to develop in older adults. Lastly, acral lentiginous melanoma develops on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, or under the nails. Fortunately, there are several measures for the treatment and prevention of melanoma.
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RISK FACTORS OF MELANOMA AND DIAGNOSIS
The risk factors of melanoma are conditions that increase the chances of developing the disease. They include having many moles or unusual moles on one’s body. Secondly, high sun exposure, that produces blistering sunburn. Thirdly, people with fair skin, blond or red hair, light-colored eyes, and freckle are more likely to develop melanoma than dark skin individuals. Fourthly, having a family history of melanoma or a previous organ transplant can increase the chances of acquiring the disease. Lastly, people with weakened immune systems have an increased risk of the different types of melanoma and other skin cancers. Fortunately, some of these factors are avoidable. Also, people can have a dermatologist biopsy the lesion to determine whether it is cancerous or not. Therefore, early diagnosis is vital for the treatment and prevention of melanoma.
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PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF MELANOMA
The treatment and prevention of melanoma involve several approaches. For instance, surgery is the standard treatment option for melanoma. The latter comprises removing the lesion and some of the noncancerous tissue around it. Secondly, a skin graft is necessary if melanoma covers a large area of skin. Thirdly, radiation therapy is recommended, especially in the later stages. Lastly, depending on where the melanoma has spread, other treatments include a lymph node biopsy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. Prevention mainly entails evading some of the avoidable risk factors of melanoma. These measures include avoiding sunburn and excessive UV rays, applying sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding tanning lamps and beds. In conclusion, regularly checking one’s skin can help lead to an early diagnosis and increase the chances of successful treatment of the different types of melanoma.
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