There are several nutritional risk factors that gestational diabetes mellitus. Nutritional risk factors mainly refer to extrinsic factors that influence the nutritional status of an individual and thus increase the risk of malnutrition. These factors may cause functional disability thus interfering with daily activities. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a condition whereby a hormone in the placenta prevents the body from effectively using insulin. This, therefore, causes glucose to build up in the body instead of being absorbed by the cells. Contrary to type 1 diabetes, this condition is not caused by a lack of insulin instead, it results from hormones produced during pregnancy.
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THE MAJOR CAUSES OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS
Gestational diabetes mellitus occurs when the body cannot make extra insulin needed during pregnancy. Since the body produces special hormones during pregnancy, they lead to some changes in the body. Consequently, these changes prevent the body from using insulin thus a condition called insulin resistance. This condition, therefore, causes the development of gestational diabetes. Also, being overweight or obese links to this condition. Being overweight or obese majorly rises from nutritional risk factors. Therefore they already have insulin resistance. Lastly, having a family history of diabetes makes it more likely for a woman to develop gestational diabetes.
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NUTRITIONAL RISK FACTORS DURING PREGNANCY
Nutritional risk factors during pregnancy often affect the growth and development of the child. Therefore, the mother needs to observe what nutrients they need to take and those types of foods that they should avoid. Primarily, a pregnant woman needs to avoid consumption of alcohol since it lacks any nutrients that help the baby, therefore, affects its well-being. Also, they should avoid foods with a high level of mercury in them like sharks and swordfish. This is because mercury is not good for the health of the baby. Moreover, pregnant women should avoid taking sugary foods since their bodies are likely to be insulin resistant thus this could lead to gestational diabetes mellitus.
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