Human population growth is a huge threat to global food security as it increases the number of people that need feeding. Food security is the ability to obtain and consume a sufficient quantity of affordable, safe, and nutritious food. Moreover, food security has four components. These are food availability, food access, utilization, and stability. Sufficient nutritious food needs to be made available for people’s consumption. Also, individuals need to be able to access enough food to be able to live a healthy life and access sufficient resources to grow their own food. The stability of food supply reduces malnutrition and enables people to utilize available food effectively.
THE CHALLENGES FACING GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY
Human population growth increases the need for sufficient and nutritious food. Also, the falling water tables pose a threat to global food security. This is because of the water shortage that reduces the productivity of crops. Moreover, the slow growth of irrigation constraint the efforts of expanding global food supply and ensuring the stability of food supply. Also, the increase in soil erosion reduces the fertility of the soil. This threatens future food production. Furthermore, climate change greatly affects agricultural activities due to an increase in droughts, high temperatures, and floods.
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THE EFFECTS OF HUMAN POPULATION GROWTH
Human population growth reduces the rate of capital formation through the increase of dependents. Moreover, most of the population is within the non-productive age group which consumes food but does not produce anything. Consequently, this creates a struggle for global food security. Additionally, population growth also requires a higher investment rate. This reduces the capacity of people to save. Population growth also creates pressure upon the available food stock creating food shortage. This interferes with the stability of food supply. Furthermore, inadequate food supply leads to the undernourishment of people hence lowering their productivity.
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