The central nervous system consists of the spinal cord and the brain. Additionally, the skull protects the brain and the spinal cord travels from the back of the brain and stops in the lumbar region of the lower back. Meninges is a protective layer consisting of three layers that house the brain and spinal cord. The outermost layer is the dura mater while the innermost layer is the pia mater. Moreover, the central nervous system controls thoughts, movements, desires, and emotions. It also controls the release of some hormones, heart rate, body temperature, and breathing.
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COMPONENTS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
The central nervous system has two major parts. These are the brain and spinal cord. The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. Furthermore, it is the central control module of the body that coordinates activity. The brain has four lobes. These include the temporal lobe, the occipital lobe, the parietal lobe, and the frontal lobe. The temporal lobe is important for processing sensory input and assigning emotional meaning whereas the occipital lobe is the visual processing region of the brain. The spinal cord consists of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions. Three layers of tissue protect the spinal cord. They include the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
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THE PARTS OF THE SPINAL CORD
The outer parts of the spinal cord have the meninges. The meninges protect the whole central nervous system. The pia mater is the layer that directly covers the spinal cord while the dura mater is the tough outermost protective coating. The gray matter is the dark region of the spinal cord containing nerve cell bodies. Similarly, the white matter is the region surrounding the gray matter. It makes the nerve transmission occur more quickly. The posterior root is the part of the nerve that branches off the back of the spinal column.
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