This dissertation discusses the branches of psychology and theories of psychology. Psychology is the study of mind and behavior. Consequently, the history of psychology encompasses its origin and relevant philosophers. Psychology was around thousands of years ago in ancient Greece, Egypt, India, Persia, and China. The earliest philosophers are Plato and Aristotle. For instance, Plato suggested that the brain is where mental processes take place, while Aristotle argued that it was the heart. Wilhelm Wundt is the father of psychology as he founded the discipline as an independent experimental field of study. There are different branches of psychology, such as cognitive, forensic, social, and developmental psychology. Thus, various fields, such as sociology, politics, and economics, apply these branches. Notably, philosophers argued different theories of psychology that attempt to explain the concept. They include behaviorism, socialism, and humanism theories.
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THE APPLICATION AND BRANCHES OF PSYCHOLOGY
The main branches of psychology are evolutionary psychology, which studies the effects of psychological adjustments on human behavior. Secondly, Forensic psychology involves applying psychology to criminal investigation and the law, while Developmental psychology involves the systematic psychological changes of a person over the life span. Thirdly, Cognitive psychology investigates internal mental processes, such as problem solving, memory, learning, and language. This concept was a vital milestone in the history of psychology. Fourthly, Clinical psychology integrates science, theory, and practice to understand problems with adjustment, disability, and discomfort. Fourthly, Health psychology observes how behavior, biology, and social context influence illness and health. Lastly, Neuropsychology looks at the structure and function of the brain concerning psychological processes, while Social psychology uses scientific methods to understand how social influences impact human behavior. Thus, these branches are related to specific theories of psychology.
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THEORIES OF PSYCHOLOGY AND THEIR MAIN CONCEPTS
The various theories of psychology include humanism, contributed by Carl Rogers and Maslow. The latter emphasized the elementary goodness of human beings and mental processes as active roles to individual behaviors. Thus, Humanists viewed behaviorism and psychoanalytic theory as too dehumanizing. Secondly, the cognitive theory focused on internal states, such as motivation, problem-solving, decision-making, thinking, and attention. The argument strives to explain different mental processes and how the mind processes information. Notably, the history of psychology also includes these arguments for psychology. Thirdly, the Behaviorism theory focused on the idea that all behaviors develop through conditioning, advocated by JB. Watson and Skinner. Lastly, Social theories focused on helping us understand and explain social behavior, thus are generally centered on specific social phenomena, including group behavior, social influence, etc. In conclusion, these theories focus on the branches of psychology.
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