The types of information systems and information system infrastructure are primary business concepts. The role of information systems is primarily to support operations, knowledge work, and management in organizations. Therefore, business firms rely on information systems to carry out and accomplish their activities and compete in the marketplace. There are four types of information systems. The latter include transaction processing systems, decision support systems, management, and executive information systems. Notably, the information systems infrastructure consists of computer hardware and software, telecommunications, data, people, and procedures. The hardware, software, and telecommunications constitute information technology (IT), ingrained in the operations and management of organizations. In conclusion, the integration of information systems into organizations is vital to gain a competitive advantage.
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THE COMPONENTS AND TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM INFRASTRUCTURE
This section discusses the information systems infrastructure. They include hardware, tangible, physical components of the information system, such as keyboards and storage devices. Secondly, the software comprises the set of instructions that run computer operations. The two main categories of software are operating systems and application software. Operating systems software provides the interface between the hardware, while application software handles specific tasks for users. Thirdly, data support the role of information systems and management functions of an enterprise. Fourthly, telecommunications connect computer systems and portable and wearable devices to transmit information. Connections are via wired or wireless media. Fifthly, people are required to run different types of information systems. For instance, technical personnel includes development and operations managers, business analysts, systems designers, database administrators, and programmers. Lastly, a process is a series of steps undertaken to achieve an organization’s goal.
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CLASSIFICATION AND TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
There are four types of information systems. They include a transaction processing system, which supports the daily organization activities. Therefore, they apply to the operational level of management, consisting of workers. Examples are payroll systems. Secondly, management information systems involve middle managers to smoothen the running of the organization in the medium term. MIS builds on the data provided by the TPS. Examples are inventory control systems. Thirdly, decision support systems are for senior managers to facilitate the creation and integration of knowledge into the organization. The information system infrastructure is applied to analyze existing structured information and is used to solve ill-structured problems. Examples include spreadsheet models. Lastly, executive information systems help senior managers analyze their business environment. In conclusion, the role of information systems is primarily to support organizational decision making.
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