Every woman needs to understand the stages of cervical cancer and the treatment of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer occurs in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus connecting to the vagina. It results from the uncontrolled accumulation of abnormal cells in the cervix. There are four stages of cervical cancer. Notably, these stages vary in terms of how far cancer has spread to nearby organs. Symptoms include vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods or after menopause, and pelvic pain. It isn’t clear what causes cervical cancer. However, risk factors of cervical cancer increase the chances of developing the disease. For instance, human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most severe trigger for the disease. Fortunately, regular cervical screening is essential for early treatment of cervical cancer and can increase the chances of survival.
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THE RISK FACTORS AND STAGES OF CERVICAL CANCER
There are four stages of cervical cancer. For instance, phase 1 involves the cancer cells spreading inside the cervix and uterus only. Secondly, stage 2 is where cancer has spread outside the cervix to nearby lymph nodes. Thirdly, phase 3 involves the spread of cancer to the lower part of the vagina or the pelvis. Lastly, stage 4 is whereby cancer has spread outside of the pelvis to organs like the lungs or liver. However, there are risk factors for cervical cancer. These include having human papillomavirus, many sexual partners, or early sexual activity. Secondly, smoking, having a weakened immune system, and using birth control pills are also risk factors. Lastly, having other sexually transmitted diseases like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis increase the risk of developing cervical cancer. Therefore, early diagnosis is vital for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CERVICAL CANCER
The treatment of cervical cancer involves several approaches. First, surgery constitutes removing the cervical and other pelvic areas affected by cancer. The latter method is applied when cancer has not spread from the cervix. Secondly, radiation therapy involves the use of beams of high-energy X-rays or radiation to destroy cancer cells. Doctors commonly use radiation therapy to treat advanced forms of cervical cancer. Thirdly, chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. Lastly, targeted therapy uses Bevacizumab (Avastin) to block the growth of new blood vessels that help cancer growth. Providently, prevention mainly entails avoiding some of the risk factors of cervical cancer. For instance, getting an HPV vaccine, having safe sex, regular cervical screening, having fewer sexual partners, and quitting smoking. In conclusion, the stages of cervical cancer determine prognosis and treatment.
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