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HISTORY OF HRM AND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HRD AND HRM

This essay discusses the history of HRM and the difference between HRD and HRM. HRM is concerned with the development of both individuals and the organization in which they operate. Human resource development is the part of HRM that deals with  the training and development of employees in an organization. The importance of human resource management is Job analysis; determining the nature and responsibilities of various employment positions. Staffing; managing the flow of personnel both within, and out of an organization. Performance appraisal; assessing and providing feedback on employee job performance. Rewards to employees for past achievements and incentives for high future performance. Employee training and development programs to improve productivity and job satisfaction.

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HISTORY OF HRM AND HRD

The history of human resource management and human resource development has various stages: Firstly, apprenticeship which involves training of entry-level employees in a particular trade by ancient Greeks. Secondly, the Industrial Revolution whereby, in the late 18th century, Europe and America’s economies shifted from agriculture to manufacturing by Inventing mechanisms to speed up production. This therefore led to the development of machine knowledge, a part of human resource development. Thirdly, human relations movement which entails promotion of stronger human relations between subordinates and supervisors to improve employee motivation. Fourthly, human resources approach that involves both cultivating and encouraging employees as an important approach in promoting human resource management and achieving organizational goals. Lastly, developing resources; During the 20th-century resource, departments emphasized skill training and development for employees.

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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HRD AND HRM

Human resource development and human resource management are both important concepts of management related to the human resources of an organization. The main differences are: Human resource management is maintenance oriented whereas HRD is development-oriented: organization structure in HRM is independent whereas HRD is inter-dependent and at the development of the employees as well as the organization as a whole. Responsibility of HRM is given to the HRM department and HRM manager whereas the responsibility of human resource development is given to all managers at various levels of the organization. HRM motivates the employees through monetary incentives/ rewards whereas HRD motivates by stressing on satisfying higher-order needs. However, both concepts promote employee growth through training and development.

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