Hunter-gatherer culture and hunter-gatherer tools are topics of interest among historians. Hunter-gatherer culture developed among the early hominins of Africa as far back as 2 million years ago. Among their distinguishing characteristics, the hunter-gatherers actively killed animals for food instead of scavenging meat. The hunter-gatherer societies devised ways of setting aside vegetation for consumption at a later date. The Homo erectus preceded and had a larger brain and shorter digestive system contributing to increased consumption of meat. Additionally, these were the first hominins built for long-distance walking, pushing nomadic tribes into Asia and Europe. Hunter-gatherer culture and hunter-gatherer tools evolved over the years as human brain capacity increased.
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HUNTER-GATHERER TOOLS AND THEIR SOURCES OF FOOD
Stone Age hunter-gatherers had to catch or find everything they ate and hunter-gatherer tools were essential in catching food. They moved from place to place in search of food. Early Stone Age people hunted with sharpened sticks. Later, they used bows and arrows, and spears tipped with flint or bone. The hunter-gatherer societies gathered nuts and fruits and dug up roots and went fishing using nets and harpoons. Stone Age people cut up their food with sharpened stones and cooked it on fire. They used animal skins to make clothes and shelters. After a good day’s hunting, people could feast on meat. Finally, hunter-gatherer culture relied on the hunter-gatherer tools to obtain food.
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HUNTER-GATHERER SOCIETIES AND DUTIES OF MEN AND WOMEN IN SOCIETY
The hunter-gatherer societies involved people obtaining food by hunting animals and gathering edibles. Although there are still groups of hunter-gatherers in our modern world, much focus is on prehistoric societies. The prehistoric societies relied on the bounty of nature before the transition to agriculture began 12,000 years ago. In the hunter-gatherer culture, people lived in groups of a few dozen people, consisting of several family units. Additionally, they developed tools to help them survive and were dependent on the abundance of food in the area. If a region was not plentiful enough, it required them to move to greener forests. Lastly, the evolution of the hunter-gatherer culture and hunter-gatherer tools led to the societies settling more in an area.
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