Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental and neurological disorder that begins in childhood and lasts all through a person’s life. There are three categories of the signs and symptoms of ASD. First is difficulty in social communication and interaction. Secondly, people with ASD tend to have restricted interests, and finally, they show signs of repetitive behaviors. There are several causes and risk factors of Autism spectrum disorder. Some of the risk factors include; having a sibling with ASD, having older parents, and deficient birth weight. Also, there are some genetic disorders that increase the risk of getting ASD. For instance, Down Syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, and Rett syndrome.
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Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
The main aim of diagnosis is detection some of the signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. This is because there are no specific medical tests, like blood tests, to diagnose ASD. The diagnosis process takes place in two steps; that is the developmental screening and the comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. Every child needs to take these screening tests but especially those with genetic disorders that increase the risk of getting ASD. The first step involves giving a child a short test and inspecting their response. This includes how the child learns, speaks, behaves, and moves. Any delays detected is a sign of a problem. The second step consists of a comprehensive review of the child’s behavior, development, and interviewing the parents. The test is important, especially in families where the risk factors of ASD are high. It also involves vision screening, genetic testing, and neurological testing.
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Treatment and therapies for Autism Spectrum Disorder
The is no specific cure for ASD. However, there are treatment methods and therapies meant to maximize the child’s ability to function like other children. The treatments and therapies maintain the child’s function in two ways. Firstly, the therapies reduce the signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. Secondly, the therapies and treatments support development and learning. Examples of these therapies include family therapies, educational therapies, and behavior and communication therapies. Diagnosis is vital for children with genetic disorders that increase the risk of getting ASD. This is important for early therapy initiation. This also applies in cases where several causes and risk factors of ASD are high.
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